Apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, and like treatment of textile materials



March 30, 1943. J, M, wool: 2,314,962 I APPARATUS FOR DYEING, BLEACHING, AND LIKE A TREATMENT OF TEXTILE MATERIALS FilediAug. 5, 1941 C Sheets-Sheet 1 4 V a @iazziz Y- J m M" March 30, 1943. J. M. WOOD 2,314,962

APPARATUS FOR DYEING, BLEACHING, AND LIKE TREATMENT OF TEXTILE MATERIALS 1 Filed Aug. 5, 71941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 v I 77 L o 37 6'0 84 49 v w I w 7' V 5 4; 2? 55 5-7: 29 5 E 22 r 93a 7g 77 74 4 L I v u 7 55' '9 k? 7 o as March 30, 1943. J. M. WOOD 2,314,962

- APPARATUS FOR DYEING, BLEACHING; AND LIKE TREATMENT OF TEXTILE MATERIALS Filed Aug. 5, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 5/ LL 3d 6 49 f; 84 1$7 72 7 424 2 4? /L' !L 37 *e' Ll Z9 Z4 6' 49 5 27 ilzzgfigfl "5i :1 5g 52 50 l 5 W JI S'.

. holders supported vertically in the kier.

Patented Mar. 30, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENToFFlCE APPARATUS FOR DYEING, BLEACHING, AND

LIKE TREATMENT OF TEXTILE MATE-' RIALS John M. Wood, Cranston, R. I., assignor to I Franklin Process Company,Providence; R. I., a corporationof Rhode Island Application August 5, 1941, Serial No. 405,510;

7 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in apparatus for dyeing, bleaching, washing or otherwise similarly processing fibrous-materials.

Commercial dyeing apparatus commonly used for package dyeing of'yarn and similar textile materials is of heavy construction as comprising a large dyeing-vessel orkier having an open top and a removable cover for closing the kier. The cover is removed from the kier to open the latter'to receive a batch of dye-cops inserted into the kier through its open top and the cover must then be replaced on the kier and clamped thereto to seal the joint. It is also the preferred practice to provide means on the cover for the further purpose of compressing the yarn in the large number of packages strung on hollow perforated Because of the great weight of the cover and its attached parts a traveling hoist with a tackle depending therefrom is usually employed for lifting the cover and moving it to one side of' the kier. With such equipment considerable time and energy is required to open and close the kier, extra space in the dye-house is necessary for accommodating the cover and its handling apparatus and difllculty is sometimes experienced in properly positioning th cover on the kier to close the latter.

One of'the objects of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for facilitating the removal of the cover from the kier and the accurate positioning of the cover on the ki-er to close the opening therein. 7

Another object is to provide an apparatus of the type indicated comprising a support or mounting for the cover pivoted at the side of the kier to adapt the cover to be swung away from the top of the kier.

Another object is to provide. an apparatus of the type indicated which adapts the cover to be raised or lowered on its support or mounting and swung bodily with the support toward or away from the top of the kier.

Another object is to provide a mounting or support for the cover which is counterbalanced to adapt the cover to be easily and quickly manipulated to open or close the kier. v 7

Another object is to provide manually operable gearing for swinging thecover-support on its pivotal mounting.

Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus of th type indicated which which is eificient'for is oi. relatively simple and compact construction to adapt it for economical manufacture and one performing itsintended functions. r f

Further objects of the invention are set forth in the following specification which describes a preferred form of the device, by way of example, as illustrated by the accompanying dra ings. In the drawings: I p

Fig. 1' is a side elevational'view of a dyeingvessel or kier incorporating the novel features of the present invention and illustrating the coversupport as swinging on its pivot to displace the cover upwardly and laterally of the open top of the kier; I

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the cover-support swung to a position overlying the open top of the kier and the cover lowered with respect thereto to compress the yarn in the columns of packages in the kierand close the open top of'the latter;

Fig. 31s a view similar to Fig.2 showing the cover clamped to the top ofthe kier;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the kier'showingthe manually operable gearing. for swinging the coversupport toward and away from the kierand for raising and lowering the cover relatively of its support; Y

Fig. 5 is a transverse sectional view on line 5-5 of Fig. 4 showing the manually rotatable pinion-gear for swingingthe cover-support:

Fig. 6 isa transverse sectional view on line 6-6 of Fig. 4 showing the manually operable worm'and worm-wheel for transmitting motion to raise or lower'the cover withrespect to its mounting or support; 4

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken generally on line 1-1 of Fig. 4 showing in detail the construction. of the transmission gearing for raising and lowering the cover relatively of its mounting or support; 1

The kier to which the present invention is applied is generally similar to that illustrated and described in United States Letters Patent to William A. Traver for Apparatus for dyeing or otherwise'processing fibrous materials, No. 1,743,254, issued January 14, 1930. Suflice it to state herein that such apparatus comprisesa cylindrical dyeing-vessel or kier 2 having an open top and a removable cover 3. The bottom 4 of the kier is of through openings in the diaphragm 6 to penetrate' the yam-packages in the upper chamber and is exhausted therefrom by means of an exhaust pipe communicating with the upper chamher in any suitable manner. 'I'heupper rim of the kier 2 is provided with a number of bosses I. having vertical holes-II therein for receiving dowel -pins l2 depending from the cover 3 to ac,-

curately' aline the cover-with; theopen top of the kier.

Although the kier 2 may be adapted for treating other kinds of textile material, as, herein.

illustrated it'is adapted to support columns of compressible yarn-packages or dye-cops P mount-.

ed in vertical arrangementjtherein'. ZTheg dye cops P may be arranged in columns in able manner, such as; by winding they Daniell for a Contube, Re. -13,223;datedjMarch28', I I 1911; and mounting a series of such dye g perforated standpipes l3 in the Berg- 2; The standpipesyll are preferably screwed into holes in thediaphra'gm or false-bottom 9 for communication with the lower compartment 5, from which the treating liquor is circulated through the standpipes,: dye-cops and. kier, or in reverse order.

Such a method of dyeing is widely known as the dyeing process.

The cover.3 as herein illustrated is of concavoconvex form with a flat bottom wall [4 of the proper dimensions to adapt it to close the open toptoi fj the kier 2 with its rim l5 overlying the upperYIlanged .rim of the kier. Mounted on the bottom wall l4 of the cover 3 are a series of redevices I, one for each column P, adapted for engagement with the packages of the columns in the kier to compress the masses of 'yarn 'on all of the standpipes l3.f Each' pressure means 19 comprises a sleeve fl slidable on a pin I3 depending fronithe bottom wall [4 of the cover 3 with a plate or disk l9 at its'lower end engageable with the topmost packages in the columns of dye-copsP. lfl' coiled spring 29 is provided between the bottom wall i4 of the cover 3 and the disk l9 of each pressure means It to normally retain the latter in the extended position illustrated inFig. l. A series of bolts 2| are also provided inclamps 22-piv0tally mounted on the side of the kier for engagement with the rim it of the cover 3 to clamp the'iatter to the top of the kier against the action of the spring-pressed pressure means IS. a suitable gasket 23 being provided between the kier and cover to seal the joint therebetween.

In accordance with the present invention the cover 3 is mounted on a pivoted crane-like support 25 to adapt it for movement-therewith upwardly and laterally of the kier and also for vertical movement relative thereto to raise and lower the cover with respect toits mounting 'or support. The cover-support or mounting 25 as herein shown is in the form of a cantilever overlying the open top of the kier and having a hub 26 at the axial center of the kier with curved arms 21 and 28 extending rearwardly and downwardly from the hub, see Figs. 1 and 4. The cover-supfastened to a rock-shaft 29 journaled in "spaced bearing-brackets 32 and 33 attached to the side of the kier 2. The hubs 30 and 3| are pinned to the rock-shaft 29, and attached to rearwardly extending lugs on the hubs is a counterweight 34. One end of the rock-shaft 29 projects-laterally beyond the bearing-bracketi Band mounts a spurgear 40 whichis pinned or otherwise keyed thereto. A countershaft 4| journaled in the bearingswing the cover-support mounted thereon from the position illustrated in Fig. l to that illustrated in Fig. 2, the counterweight 34 balancing the weight of the support and cover 3 carried thereby to facilitate manual operation of the device.

, compressible tubes of, theform illustrateq scribed in United States Letters Patentgtoj I!" the rocking movement of the cover-sup- ."port25 in either direction the hubs 30 and 3|,

of the latter are provided with flatted sides a 'engageablewith the adjacent sides of rectangular lugs 34 projecting inwardly from the bearing brackets 32 and 33 along the sides of the hubs, see Figs. 1,2 and 4. .The cover 3 is mounted on the cover-support 23 by means of a stem 44 depending from the hub 26 of the cover-support andconnected to a spiderlike frame 45 at its lower end, see Figs. 3 and '7. The lower end of the stem 44 extends through a central hub 46 on the spider 45 and has longitudina-lly-sbaced collars or abutments 41 and u with beveled ends for engagement with beveled recesses injthe opposite sides of the hub while perniitting galimited relative movement between thefspider, and stem. The spider 45 has arms 49 extending-,"radially from the. hub 48 with their ends projecting into recessed bosses 50 on the top of thercover 3; :The cover 3 is attached to the spider 45 by means of pins 5| extending across the recessed bosses 50 on the cover 3 and through eyes 52 at the ends of the arms 49. Preferably the eyes 52- at the ends of the arms 49 of the spider 45 are of greater diameter than the pins 5| whereby to provide for a slightmovement of the cover 3 with respect to the spider 45.

The main portion of the stem 44 is provided with screw-threads in meshing engagement with an interiorly-threaded sleeve or nut 60 journaled in antifriction bearings Si in the hub 29 of the cover-support 25, see Figs. 3-and 7. The stem 44 also extends through a bearing in a bracket 62 on the cover-support 25 and has a longitudinally extending keyway G3 in its side for receiving a key 64 on the bracket to prevent rotation of the stem, see Fig. 7. Rotation of the sleeve 89 with respect to the stem 44 will thus cause longitudinal movement of the stem with respect to the cover-support 25 'to raise or lower the cover 3. a

The sleeve 50 is rotated by manually-operable reduction gearing comprising a bevel-gear [0 fast on the reduced end of the sleeve which projects upwardly beyond the antifriction'bearings 8|. A shaft 'il journaledin bearing brackets 12 and I3 on the cover-support'25 has a pinion-gear 14 fast on one end and arranged in meshing engagement with the bevel-gear 10 on the sleeve 60. A worm-wheel 15 fast on the opposite end of the shaft 1i abuts the bearing 12. see Figs. 1 to 3. Journaled in suitable bearings 18 at the outer end of the cover-support 25 is a shaft I1 having aworm 18 fast thereon and arranged in meshing engagement with the worm-wheel 15, a handwheel is at the opposite end of the shaft serving to rotate the worm, see Fig. 6. Rotatibn of-the .hand-wheel is will thus be'transhiitted through the worm I8 and worm-wheel I5, shaft II, and bevelears l4 and ID to rotate the sleeve 80 whereby to raise or lower the cover 3 on its. sup' port 25 with respect to the kier 2.

At the outer free end of the cantilever or support 25 is a tie-rod 84 having a clevis 85 at its upper end and a collar or enlargement 83 adjacent itslower end. a The clevis 85 at the upper end of the tie-rod 84 embraces alug 8] projecting from the end of the cover-support 25 and is pivotally connected thereto by means of a pin 88 extending through the clevis and lug. The collar or enlargement 85 at thelower end of the tierod 84 is adapted for engagement with the bottom of a bifurcated abutment 88 projecting from the side of the kier 2. The bifurcated abutment 38 provides a slot Siof a width substantially equal .to the diameter of the tie-rod 84 to adapt to position the collar 86 beneath the abutment on the kier. With the outer end of the cover-support 25 detachably anchored to the kier 2 by means of the tie-rod 84 a rigid structure is provided for opposing the thrust required 'to compress the thereby causes the upper collar or abutment the lower end of the latter to be swung'thereinto vertical columns of textile packages P by forcing V the cover 3 downward against the open top of the kier 2. One form-of apparatus incorporating the novel features of the present invention, having been described in detail, the mode of operation of the apparatus is explained as follows. a

With the cover-support 25 and cover 3 carried thereby in the open position illustrated in Fig. 1

the dye-cops P or package of textile material to be treated are inserted into the kier throughits open top. When dye-cops. P are to be treated they are strung in vertical arrangement on the perforated standpipes i3 in the kier 2,until all of the columns have been loaded with stacksof the packages. The stacks of dye-cops'P when so mounted on the perforated standpipes l3 inthe kier 2 extend upwardly above the top of the kie see Fig.1.

To close the kier z the hand-wheel 4a is turned manually to rotatethe gears 42 and 48 which rotate the rock-shaft 29 and thereby swings the cover-support 25 from the upright position illustrated in Fig. l to a positionfoverlying' the top of the kier 2 as illustrated in Fig. 2. As the counterweight 34 balances the weight of the cover-support 25, cover 3 and parts carried thereby vent any tendencyofthe hole structure to move toward the kier21during the raising of the. cover.

little effort is required to swing the support from its upright to its lower position, or vice-ve'rsa- When the cover-support 25 has been swung tothe.

position illustrated in Fig. 2'the tie-rod84 swung about its pivotal connection 88 with the in the abutment 98 and engage. the collar 88 with the under side of the abutment.

The cover 3 is then lowered from the position indicated by dash lines to the position illustratedifi -.indicated :by dash-lines in Fig. 2 the collar at the end 'ofthetie-rod 84 is released from en- ,gagement with the abutment on thekier 2 support to position its lower end in the slot 3| in full lines in Fig. 2 by turning the hand-wheel 18 to rotate the shaft 11, 'see Fig. 6. Rotation of the hand-wheel l9 and shaft I1 istransmitted through the reduction gearing comprising the worm l8 and worm-wheel 15, shaft H, and bevel.

gears I4 and I0 to rotate the sleeve 68.. Due to the engagement of the screw-threads on the periphery of the stem 44 with the interior threads on the sleeve 60, see Fig. 7, rotation pfvthe sleeve is translated into a longitudinal movement of the stem to lower the cover 3; the engagement of the key '84 on the bracket 52 with the keyway 53 positioning of the cover on thekier.

in the side of the stem preventing rotation of the latter with the sleeve. During the lowering-of the cover 3 the" ends of the dowel-pins I: are

caused to enter the holes II in the bosses I. on the kier v2 to properly aline the cover with the top of the kier.

As the cover 3 is loweredtoward the open top 01' the kier 2 the .pressure devices li carried by the cover engage the upper ends of the columns of. dye-cops-in the kier2. Further lowering of I the cover 3 will oause'the' masses of yarn in the dye-copsP to be compressed longitudinally thereofuntil all of the yarn in the several columns is brought under substantially uniform compres sion. .That is to say, continued turning of the hand-wheel 19 and reduction gearing operated on the stem 44 to engage the'hub '48 of the spider frame 45 to. depress the cover 3 connectedthereto to'complete the compression of the yarn in the packages P-with the springs ,28 yieldingbetween the' disks l9 and cover when necessary. During the lowering of the cover 3 to' compress the yarn in the dye-cops P the tie-rod 84 braces the outer free end of the cantilever-support to. provide the necessary resistance to the force of reaction.

After the ,cover .3 is lowered and depressed to the position illustrated in fulllines in Fig.1 2 the pivoted clamps 22 are raised toengage thescrews 2| with the rim 15 of the cover 3 and the screws screwed down to tightly clamp the coverto the top of the. keir,; see Fig. Asthe cover 3 is being clamped in position on thekier 2 it may adjust itself with respect to the spider 45, the spacingof the collars 41 and 48 on the stem 44 and the enlarged eyes '52.. at the ends of the arms 49 of the-spider allowing for relative movement between the parts. The apparatus isthen in condition for. dyeing or anyslmilar treating operation by circulating the treating'fluid-through the batch oflyamor other materialon the per- I forated standpipes l3.

After the dyeing .or similar,

to its support 25 byrotating the hand-wheel 13 in a direction oppositegfrom that first explained ,to cause it to act through the reduction gearing to draw the stem upwardly and lift thecover v g 3 connected thereto.v As "the counterweight 34 will either, balance or'slightly overbalance the weight of .thesupport 25 and'cover 3 it will pre- Whenthe cover has been raised to the position and the hand-wheel 43 rotated to swing the cover support25 from the position illustrated in F g.

. 2 back to, its upright'position illustrated in Fig,

il. This movement of the support 25 carries the cover 3 connected thereto upwardly and laterally ,ofth kier-2 to open the latter. The processed dye-cops For other material treated may then 'be removed'through theopen tsp of the kier and a new batch inserted thereinto.

It will be observed from the foregoing specification that the present invention. provides an improved apparatus for-easily and quickly opening or closing the kier and insures the proper It will also be observed that the counterbalanced cover-support and reduction gearing facilitate the manual operation of opening andclosing the kier, and

I 7 operation is .com- Y -pleted the cover. 3 may be raised with respect tion may be applied to other types of kiers and that modifications may be made in the construction and arrangement ofthe improved apparatus without departing from ithe spirit, or scope of the invention. For example, the 'standpipes may have yieldabie telescopic extensions directly engageable by the cover to compress the yarn masses inthe columns instead of the pressure means on the cover as illustrated in the drawings. ,The kier mayualso .be of different shape and so constructed as to adapt it for useewith other kinds. of material, the counterweight may be made to balance, undenbalance or overbalance the cover-support'and cover, and different forms of reduction gearing may be substituted for those herein shown and described. Therefore without}, limiting myself in this respect, I claim: V

I I 1; In an apparatus oi! the type indicated, a kier having an open'top, said kier being adapted to support columns of compressible textile packages in verticalarrangement therein, a cover for compressing the textile packages in the columns and closing the open top of the kier, a support for the cover pivotally mounted for swinging movement, means comprising reduction gearing for swinging the cover-support on its pivot to move the cover bodily toward or away from the open top or the kier, and means on the coversupport for lowering the cover relative to its support to compress the textile packages in the columns in the kier. v

2. In an-apparatus of the type indicated, a kier-having an open top, said kier being adapted o support columns 01' compressible textile packages in vertical arrangement therein, a cover for compressing the textile packages in the columns and closing the open top of the kier, a support for the cover pivotally mounted for swinging movement, means comprising reduction gearing for swinging thecover-support'on its pivot to position the cover' above'the top of the kier, means for lowering the'cover relative to its support, and pressure means onthe cover engageable with the upper ends of the columns of textile packages to compress the latter during the lowering of the cover onto the open top of the kier.

3..In an apparatus of the type indicated, a kier having an open top, said kier being adapted to support columns of compressible textile packages in vertical arrangementtherein, a cover for compressing the columns of textile packages and closing the open top of the kier, a support for the cover pivotaliy mounted for swinging movement, means for mounting the cover on its support to permit relative movement therebetween,

-means comprising reduction gearing for swinging the cover-support to position the coverabove the top of the kier, means comprising reduction gearing for lowering the cover relative to its support to compress the textile packages in the kier, and means on the kier for clamping the cover thereto, said means for mounting the cover on its support permitting relative movement therebetween during the clamping of the cover to the kier.

4. In an apparatus of the type indicated. a kier having an open top, said kier being adapted to support columns of textile packages in vertical arrangement therein, a cover for compressing the ,textile packages in the columns and closing the open top of the kierya support for the cover 'pivotally mounted at the side of the kier tor swinging imovement with respect thereto, a

screw-threaded stem depending from the coversupport, means at the lower end of the stem for mounting the cover thereon, means for swinging the cover-support on' its pivotal mounting to move the cover toward or away from the open top of the kier; a nut mounted to rotate on the cover-support and having-intemal threads en-. gaging, the screw-threads on the stem, means for rotating the nut to lower the stem and thereby the cover mounted thereon to compress the textile packages in the kier, and means for clamping the cover to the top of the kier.

5. In an apparatus of the time indicated, a kier having an open top, a cover for closing the top'of the kier, a supp'ortior the cover pivotally mounted at the side of the kier for swinging movement with'respect thereto, a screw-threaded stem extending through the cover-support and mounting the cover at its lower end, a counterweight on the coversupport at the opposite side of its pivot from the cover,manually-op erable gearing for swinging the cover-support to move the cover bodily toward or away from the open top of the kier, a nut on the coversupport in meshing engagement with the screwthreads on the stem, and gearing for rotating the nut to raise or lower the stem and thereby the cover mounted thereon.

6. In an apparatus of 'the type indicated, a kierhaving an open top, a cover for closing the mounted at the side of the kier for swinging v movement with respect thereto, a screw-threaded stem extending downwardly from the cantilever andmounting the cover at its lower end, a counterweight on the cover-support at the opposite side of the "pivot from the cover, gearing i'or swinging the cover-support to move the cover bodily toward or away from the open top of the kier, a tie-rod at the end of the cantilever for connecting it to the kier, a nut on the cover-support having screw-threads in meshing engagement with the'screw-threads on the stem, gearing for rotating the nut to raise or lower the stem and cover mounted thereon, and means for clamping the cover to the kier. i

7. In an apparatus of the type indicated, a kier having an open top, said kier being adapted to support columns of compressible textile packages in vertical arrangement therein, a cover for compressing the textile packages in the columns and closing the open top of the kier, a support for the cover pivotally mounted for swinging movement, means comprising reduction gearing for swinging the cover-support on' its pivot to move the cover bodily toward or away from the open top of the kier, means on the cover-support for lowering the cover with respect thereto, and pressure means acting between the cover and tops of the columns of packages for compressing the yarn masses in the columns.

JOHN M. WOOD. 

